Lawyers handling insurance cases are aware of clauses in the insurance contract that are different from other types of contracts. The Claims Journal published an article in November of 2015, that discusses “other insurance” clauses. The title of the article is, “Insurance Policy ‘Escape” Type ‘Other Insurance’ Clause Given Short Thrift by California Court.”
An insurer is ordinarily free to restrict the risks it will underwrite and is responsible only for losses within the coverage wording of its policies of insurance. The courts at least say they will not rewrite the terms of a policy for any purpose, including to make them conform to judges’ notions of sound public policy. For judges to do so would exceed their authority. In brief, plain policy language limiting coverage must be respected by the courts.
But – and in law there seems always to be a “but” — an exception to these general rules of policy wording enforcement is recognized regarding “other insurance” clauses generally and “escape” other insurance clauses in particular. “Escape” clauses purport to provide that coverage evaporates in the presence of other insurance, departing from the historical purpose of “other insurance” clauses – to prevent multiple recoveries when more than one policy provided coverage for a particular loss. Partly because “escape” clauses are objects of judicial distrust, the modern trend is to require multiple insurers on a single risk to contribute on a pro rata basis regardless of the type of “other insurance” clauses in their policies.